An Argentine judge has requested the extradition of Nicolás Maduro from the United States to face charges of crimes against humanity in Argentina.
Judge Sebastián Ramos signed the warrant on Wednesday, seeking Maduro’s transfer based on allegations of human rights violations during his presidency in Venezuela. The case accuses Maduro of overseeing crackdowns on protesters and political opponents, involving acts such as torture, arbitrary detention, and enforced disappearances.
The extradition request follows Maduro’s apprehension by the U.S. military on Jan. 3. He is currently in custody in New York, facing federal charges of narco-terrorism and conspiracy to import cocaine. He and his wife, Cilia Flores, await trial in a Brooklyn jail.
The case in Argentina was filed in 2023 by human rights organizations representing Venezuelan victims. It uses the principle of universal jurisdiction, which allows Argentine courts to pursue prosecutions for grave international crimes regardless of where they occurred.
Argentina’s foreign ministry must now submit the extradition request to the Trump administration. Compliance is considered unlikely due to the ongoing U.S. criminal case against Maduro.
One of the filing organizations, the Argentine Forum for the Defense of Democracy, called the request an important milestone and expressed support for the victims’ pursuit of justice.
The warrant references a 1997 extradition treaty between Argentina and the U.S. and acknowledges Maduro’s recent detention. Argentine prosecutors initially requested an international arrest warrant earlier this year.
Argentina has increasingly used universal jurisdiction to investigate crimes abroad, including cases related to Spain’s Franco-era repression and alleged military violence against Rohingya Muslims in Myanmar.
President Javier Milei, a close ally of President Donald Trump and a prominent right-wing figure in Latin America, has expressed support for the U.S. action against Maduro.