European leaders were preparing a multinational military deployment to the Strait of Hormuz as shipping disruptions tied to the U.S.-Iran impasse raised costs and increased pressure on energy supplies.
France and the United Kingdom were set to chair a meeting Friday of about 40 nations on protecting shipping through the strategic waterway, which typically carries about 20% of the world’s oil.
The strait has been largely closed since the joint U.S.-Israel military operation against Iran began nearly two months ago. It is now under a U.S. Navy blockade aimed at taking control from Iran, whose retaliatory actions have sharply reduced maritime traffic.
The disruption has increased pressure on Europe, which depends heavily on oil and gas moving through the Persian Gulf. Gas prices have risen, and airline industry leaders warned this week of a jet fuel shortage that could force flight cuts within weeks.
“The unconditional and immediate reopening of the Strait is a global responsibility, and we need to act to get global energy and trade flowing freely again,” British Prime Minister Keir Starmer said Friday.
Starmer and French President Emmanuel Macron said they aimed to create a multinational effort to protect freedom of navigation through the strait. According to Starmer, the goal was to deploy a combined military mission “as soon as conditions allow.”
European allies have faced pressure from President Donald Trump to help reopen the strait. But Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth said Thursday that current European plans, focused on support once conditions improve, did not come soon enough.
“When shots were fired and those countries were needed the most, they weren’t there,” Hegseth said. “They weren’t in the strait. They weren’t alongside us. Their leaders weren’t rallying what they have of their navies.” He added that allied support after U.S. Central Command “does the heavy lifting” would be welcomed “after the fact.”
At Friday’s meeting, German Chancellor Friedrich Merz was expected to outline capabilities Berlin could contribute, including mine-hunting boats, an escort ship, and reconnaissance aircraft, according to the German Press Agency.
France and Germany disagree on whether to include the United States in the planning, with Merz favoring coordination with Washington and Macron opposed, Politico reported Thursday.