NASA outlines moon rover, lander mission timeline

Summary

NASA detailed early Moon Base missions, rover contracts, and a 2028 drone mission to support future Artemis landings.

Why this matters

The announcements outline how NASA plans to test mobility, cargo delivery, and site surveying before astronauts return to the lunar surface. The missions also show the agency’s reliance on commercial companies and international partners for long-term moon operations.

NASA announced new contracts for crewed lunar rovers and uncrewed cargo landers, and outlined target launch timeframes for early Moon Base missions during a Tuesday event at its headquarters in Washington.

NASA Administrator Jared Isaacman said the Moon Base will be America’s and humanity’s “first outpost on another celestial world.” He said, “Every mission, crewed and uncrewed, will be a learning opportunity as we return to the lunar surface, build the infrastructure to stay, and master the skills required to live and operate in one of the most demanding and dangerous environments imaginable.”

NASA said Moon Base I will use Blue Origin’s Blue Moon Mark 1 Endurance lander to deliver payloads, including instruments to study thruster effects on the lunar surface and improve spacecraft positioning. The agency said the mission will land on the Shackleton Connecting Ridge and is intended to reduce risk for future Artemis crewed landings in 2028.

Moon Base II will deliver more than 1,100 pounds of cargo on Astrobotic’s Griffin lander, including Astrolab’s FLIP rover to advance mobility systems for future lunar terrain vehicle operations.

Moon Base III will carry the Lunar Vertex investigation on Intuitive Machines’ Nova-C Trinity lander to study lunar swirls. NASA said the mission will also include payloads from the European Space Agency and the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute.

The agency awarded Astrolab $219 million and Lunar Outpost $220 million to build and deliver the first phase of lunar terrain vehicles. NASA said the vehicles are intended for crewed and uncrewed use on the moon by 2028 through the Commercial Lunar Payload Services initiative.

Astrolab’s Crewed Lunar Vehicle, adapted from its FLEX architecture, is designed to carry astronauts, supplies, and support remote operations. Lunar Outpost’s Pegasus rover is designed for manual, autonomous, or teleoperated driving and can operate for up to a year.

NASA said Astrolab and Lunar Outpost will finalize rover designs, conduct crewed evaluations, and qualify flight units over the next 18 months. The agency also awarded Blue Origin a $188 million contract, with an option period worth $280.4 million, for two task orders related to transporting the rovers.

NASA also said its MoonFall mission, targeted for 2028, will send four drones to survey the lunar South Pole. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory is developing the hardware, and Firefly Aerospace will build the spacecraft to carry the drones from Earth orbit to the moon.

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